asperity
UK/æˈsperəti/US/æˈsperəti/
释义
n.
（表面的）粗糙；（声音的）刺耳；（性格、态度的）严厉，苛刻
词源
概述
该词直接源自中古法语 asperité，最终可追溯至拉丁语 asperitas（粗糙，严厉）。其核心词根 asper 描绘了物理上的粗糙感（如粗糙表面）和感官上的尖锐感（如刺耳声音），进而隐喻为态度或性格的严厉与苛刻。名词后缀 ity 将这种属性固化，完整勾勒出从具体触感到抽象态度的词义演变脉络。
例句
“The asperity of the rock surface made climbing difficult.”
岩石表面的粗糙使得攀登困难。
“There was a noticeable asperity in her voice when she responded.”
她回答时，声音里带着明显的严厉。
“He was known for the asperity of his criticism, which often discouraged his students.”
他以批评的严厉著称，这常常让他的学生感到气馁。